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Body relationships describe control between buyers and sellers; wicks show rejected prices. Textbook gaps are more relevant to session-based markets than continuously traded crypto or FX. The diagrams are schematics, not minimum tick-by-tick specifications.
Candle Anatomy
Four Prices, One Period
The real body spans open to close; the upper and lower wicks reach the period's high and low. A bullish candle closes above its open, while a bearish candle closes below. Color alone does not show whether the close is above or below the previous candle.
Pattern rules should use completed bars unless the strategy explicitly tests intrabar behavior. The active candle remains provisional until its timeframe closes.
Bullish reversal candidate
Bullish Engulfing
2 bars shown
Context
Most meaningful after a decline or failed breakdown near support.
Structure
A bullish real body fully engulfs the preceding bearish real body; shadows need not be engulfed.
Confirmation
Look for follow-through above the engulfing candle high.
Failure / risk
A close below the engulfing candle low invalidates the standard reversal thesis.
Bearish reversal candidate
Bearish Engulfing
2 bars shown
Context
Most meaningful after an advance or failed breakout near resistance.
Structure
A bearish real body fully engulfs the preceding bullish real body; shadows need not be engulfed.
Confirmation
Look for follow-through below the engulfing candle low.
Failure / risk
A close above the engulfing candle high invalidates the standard reversal thesis.
Bullish reversal candidate
Bullish Harami
2 bars shown
Context
Appears after a decline and signals contraction in bearish control.
Structure
A small bullish real body sits inside the preceding large bearish real body.
Confirmation
Look for a later close above the large candle midpoint or formation high.
Failure / risk
A break below the formation low invalidates the bullish interpretation.
Bearish reversal candidate
Bearish Harami
2 bars shown
Context
Appears after an advance and signals contraction in bullish control.
Structure
A small bearish real body sits inside the preceding large bullish real body.
Confirmation
Look for a later close below the large candle midpoint or formation low.
Failure / risk
A break above the formation high invalidates the bearish interpretation.
Bullish reversal candidate
Piercing Line
2 bars shown
Context
Appears after a decline, ideally near support.
Structure
A strong bullish candle opens below the prior bearish low and closes above the midpoint of the prior real body but below its open.
Confirmation
Look for follow-through above the two-candle high.
Failure / risk
A close below the formation low invalidates the reversal thesis.
Bearish reversal candidate
Dark Cloud Cover
2 bars shown
Context
Appears after an advance, ideally near resistance.
Structure
A strong bearish candle opens above the prior bullish high and closes below the midpoint of the prior real body but above its open.
Confirmation
Look for follow-through below the two-candle low.
Failure / risk
A close above the formation high invalidates the reversal thesis.
Bullish reversal candidate
Tweezer Bottom
2 bars shown
Context
Appears after a decline when consecutive candles reject approximately the same low.
Structure
Two adjacent candles print matching or nearly matching lows; the second shows improving buying response.
Confirmation
Look for a close above the two-candle high or sustained follow-through.
Failure / risk
A decisive close below the shared low invalidates the bottoming interpretation.
Bearish reversal candidate
Tweezer Top
2 bars shown
Context
Appears after an advance when consecutive candles reject approximately the same high.
Structure
Two adjacent candles print matching or nearly matching highs; the second shows increasing selling response.
Confirmation
Look for a close below the two-candle low or sustained follow-through.
Failure / risk
A decisive close above the shared high invalidates the topping interpretation.