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Body relationships describe control between buyers and sellers; wicks show rejected prices. Textbook gaps are more relevant to session-based markets than continuously traded crypto or FX. The diagrams are schematics, not minimum tick-by-tick specifications.
Candle Anatomy
Four Prices, One Period
The real body spans open to close; the upper and lower wicks reach the period's high and low. A bullish candle closes above its open, while a bearish candle closes below. Color alone does not show whether the close is above or below the previous candle.
Pattern rules should use completed bars unless the strategy explicitly tests intrabar behavior. The active candle remains provisional until its timeframe closes.
Bullish reversal candidate
Hammer
1 bars shown
Context
Appears after a decline; the prior downtrend distinguishes it from a Hanging Man.
Structure
A small real body near the high with a long lower shadow, showing rejection of lower prices.
Confirmation
Look for a later close above the Hammer high or sustained follow-through.
Failure / risk
A close below the lower shadow invalidates the usual bullish interpretation.
Bearish reversal candidate
Hanging Man
1 bars shown
Context
Appears after an advance; the prior uptrend distinguishes it from a Hammer.
Structure
A small real body near the high with a long lower shadow after an advance.
Confirmation
Look for a later close below the Hanging Man body or low.
Failure / risk
A sustained close above the formation high weakens the bearish interpretation.
Bullish reversal candidate
Inverted Hammer
1 bars shown
Context
Appears after a decline; the prior downtrend distinguishes it from a Shooting Star.
Structure
A small real body near the low with a long upper shadow, showing an unsuccessful but meaningful push higher.
Confirmation
Look for a later close above the formation high or bullish follow-through.
Failure / risk
A close below the formation low invalidates the usual bullish interpretation.
Bearish reversal candidate
Shooting Star
1 bars shown
Context
Appears after an advance; the prior uptrend distinguishes it from an Inverted Hammer.
Structure
A small real body near the low with a long upper shadow, showing rejection of higher prices.
Confirmation
Look for a later close below the body or formation low.
Failure / risk
A sustained close above the upper shadow invalidates the usual bearish interpretation.
Conditional / indecision
Doji
1 bars shown
Context
Can occur in any trend; location and the candles around it determine whether it matters.
Structure
Open and close are equal or nearly equal, leaving a very small real body relative to the range.
Confirmation
Use a later break of the Doji range in context; the Doji alone has no directional forecast.
Failure / risk
Treating every Doji as a reversal creates false signals, especially in quiet or illiquid trading.
Conditional / lower-price rejection
Dragonfly Doji
1 bars shown
Context
Most notable after a decline, but still requires contextual confirmation.
Structure
Open, high, and close cluster near the top while a long lower shadow records rejection of lower prices.
Confirmation
A later close above the formation high supports a bullish interpretation.
Failure / risk
A break below the lower shadow invalidates the rejection; without a prior decline it may only show indecision.
Conditional / higher-price rejection
Gravestone Doji
1 bars shown
Context
Most notable after an advance, but still requires contextual confirmation.
Structure
Open, low, and close cluster near the bottom while a long upper shadow records rejection of higher prices.
Confirmation
A later close below the formation low supports a bearish interpretation.
Failure / risk
A break above the upper shadow invalidates the rejection; without a prior advance it may only show indecision.